 |
Founded in 1853 in Hartford, Connecticut, Aetna is an American diversified health insurance company, providing a range of traditional and consumer directed insurance products and related services, including medical, pharmaceutical, dental, behavioral health, group life, long-term care, and disability plans. |
 |
Anthem Blue Cross is a major US health insurance provider and the trade name of Blue Cross of California. Anthem is a subsidiary of insurance giant Wellpoint. Anthem has about 800,000 customers, and has more individual policyholders in California than any other insurer. |
 |
Blue Shield of California is a not-for-profit health insurance carrier founded in 1939 and based in San Francisco, California. The organization serves over 3.4 million health plan members and nearly 65,000 physicians across the state. Blue Shield of California was founded by the California Medical Association. |
 |
Cigna is a global health services company, owing to its expanding international footprint and the fact that it provides administrative services only (not insurance) to approximately 80 percent of its clients. The corporate headquarters are located at Two Liberty Place in Center City Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Cigna also has a major footprint in the Phoenix, AZ metro area running a full-service staff-model HMO with satellite clinics throughout the region. |
 |
Health Net is among the United States of America’s largest publicly traded managed health care companies. The company’s HMO, POS, insured PPO and government contracts subsidiaries provide health benefits to approximately 6.6 million individuals in all 50 states and the District of Columbia through group, individual, Medicare, Medicaid and TRICARE, and Veterans Affairs programs. Health Net’s behavioral health services subsidiary, MHN, provides behavioral health, substance abuse and employee assistance programs (EAPs) to approximately 7.3 million individuals in various states, including the company’s own health plan members. The company’s subsidiaries also offer managed health care products related to prescription drugs, and offer managed health care product coordination for multi-region employers and administrative services for medical groups and self-funded benefits programs. |
 |
Kaiser Permanente is an integrated managed care organization, based in Oakland, California, founded in 1945 by industrialist Henry Kaiser and physician Sidney Garfield. Kaiser Permanente is a consortium of three distinct groups of entities: the Kaiser Foundation Health Plan and its regional operating subsidiaries, Kaiser Foundation Hospitals, and the autonomous regional Permanente Medical Groups. As of 2006, Kaiser Permanente operates in nine states and the District of Columbia, and is the largest managed care organization in the United States.
Kaiser Permanente has 8.6 million health plan members, 167,300 employees, 14,600 physicians, 35 medical centers and 431 medical offices. The Health Plan and Hospitals operate under state and federal non-profit tax status, while the Medical Groups operate as for-profit partnerships or professional corporations in their respective regions. |
